Isingeniso
Akhona amanzi enyangeni?Yebo, kuye kwaba njalo!Kunezindaba ezibalulekile zocwaningo lwesayensi kulezi zinsuku ezimbili - ososayensi baseShayina bathole amanzi angamangqamuzana kumasampula enhlabathi yenyanga abuyiswe ngu-Chang 'e-5.
Ayini amanzi amangqamuzana?Lena i-H₂O encwadini yekhemistri yesikole esiphakathi, futhi iyifomula yamangqamuzana yamanzi esiwaphuzayo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.
Amanzi ngaphambilini atholakala enyangeni ≠ ama-molecule amanzi
Abanye bathi, besingazi yini ukuthi kunamanzi enyangeni?
Kuyiqiniso lokho, kodwa uJin Shifeng, ongumcwaningi okanye naye e-Institute of Physics e-Chinese Academy of Sciences, uyachaza: “Amanzi esayensi yokwakheka komhlaba ahluke kakhulu emanzini ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke. Isayensi yokwakheka komhlaba ibheka kokubili i-OH ne-H₂O njengamanzi; uma iNaOH itholwa, ibheka amanzi njengamanzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi atholakala enyangeni atholakala ngokuzwa okukude namasampula aphansi.
Amanzi enhlabathini yenyanga okukhulunywe ngayo ngaphambili ngokuyisisekelo ayilomkhondo "wamanzi" we-hydroxyl, hhayi ama-molecule wamanzi empilweni yethu yansuku zonke.Amanzi e-molecule, i-H₂O, angamanzi okuphila kwethu kwansuku zonke.
“Endaweni yenyanga, ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nemvelo ye-vacuum, amanzi awuketshezi awakwazi ukuba khona.Ngakho-ke, okuye kwatholakala ngalesi sikhathi amanzi acwebile.Lokhu kusho ukuthi ama-molecule amanzi ahlangene namanye ama-ion ukuze akhe amakristalu.
Amanzi akheka kanjani enyangeni
amanzi ayikristalu ajwayelekile Emhlabeni, njenge-alum evamile yenyongo (CuSO₄·5H₂O), equkethe amanzi ayikristalu.Kodwa kungokokuqala ngqa ukuthi kutholakale amanzi e-crystal eNyangeni.
Le crystal enamanzi etholakala enhlabathini yenyanga.Ifomu lengqamuzana lalingu-₄ NH MgCl3·6H₂O.Uma ufunda kumakhemikhali wesikole samabanga aphezulu, uzobona ngokubala ukuthi okuqukethwe kwamanzi kukristalu ₄ kuningi.Cishe kungama-41%.
"Lawa ama-molecule amanzi angempela okuthi, lapho eshiswa kancane endaweni engenalutho yenyanga, elinganiselwa ku-70 degrees Celsius, akwazi ukukhulula umhwamuko wamanzi."Kusho uMiss Jin.Yiqiniso, uma iphansi, kulinganiselwa ukuthi kufanele ifudumale ibe ngama-degree angu-100 ngenxa yomoya.
“Lena yi-molecule yamanzi yangempela.Uma kushisa kancane ngaphansi kwezimo ze-vacuum enyangeni, kulinganiselwa ukuthi umhwamuko ungaphuma cishe ku-70 C,” kusho uJin."Yebo, ukube bekuseMhlabeni, ngokuba khona komoya, bekuzodinga ukushiselwa ku-100 C."
Isinyathelo esilandelayo: Funda izintaba-mlilo!
Nakuba izimpawu zokuphila enyangeni zisalokhu ziyisihloko esiphikiswayo, ukuba khona kwamanzi kubalulekile ezifundweni zokuguquguquka kwenyanga kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinsiza.Cishe ngo-1970, ukungabi bikho kwamaminerali athwala amanzi kumasampula enhlabathi yenyanga evela kumishini ye-Apollo kwaholela ekucabangeni okuyisisekelo kwesayensi yenyanga ukuthi inyanga yayingenawo amanzi.
Ucwaningo kulolu cwaningo lusebenzise amasampula omhlabathi wenyanga aqoqwe yi-Chang'e 5 mission.Ngo-2020, umkhankaso wokuqala waseShayina wokubuya kwesampula yenyanga engaphethwe muntu, uphenyo lwe-Chang'e 5, lwaqoqa amasampula e-basaltic lunar regolith endaweni ene-latitude yenyanga, asukela cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili edlule, enikeza amathuba amasha ocwaningo lwenyanga. amanzi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-29-2024